Safety apparatus for submarines.



M. i. L. P. BONARD. SAFETY APPARATUS FOR SUBMARINES.

APPLICATION man APR.21. I914.

Patented 066419, 1915 5 SHEETS SHEETZ.

' Attorneys v NL]. L. P. BONARD. SAFETY APPARATUS FOR SUBMARINES.

- APPHCATION FILED APR.2I. I914.

l ll lllllllllll ll Patented 0t. 19,1915.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

M. J. L. P. BONARD. SAFETY APPARAIUS FOR SUBMARINES.

APPLICATION FILED APR-'21. I914.

' Patented Oct. 19,1915.

5' SHEETS-SHEET 5.

Attorneys To all. 'u'hom'z't may concern j iED sTATE s PATENT onion.

MARGEL JOSEPH LEON PAUL BONARD, or MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA.

SAFETY APPARATUS FOR S UBMARINESJ 3 Be it known that I, MARCEI; JosarnLnon PAUL BQNARD, a citizen of the French Re public; residing at No.1654Esplanade avenue, Montreal, Province oi Quebec, (lair ada,-haveinvente'd certain new and useful Improvements in Safety Apparatus forSubmarines; and I do hereby declare that the" followingis a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which is apperj panying drawings forming partofthe pres tains to make and use the same. The invention to behereinafter describe relates to safety apparatus for submarines.

tion, reference should be had to the accoment application.

nate the same parts.

i a fragmentary view showing hook 37 Fig. i

' Throughout the several figures of the drawings like referencecharacters desig-J In the drawings: Figure -1 is a perspective view,showing the invention in use; Fi 2 IS a central, vert cal,longitudinal,- cross section, through the signal buoy; Fig. 2 1s 3 is anenlarged plan view showing the connections for the light and telephone;Fig. at

is an enlarged side elevation of the bell con-- tact, in use; Fig. 5 isa likeview of a switch in the bell and telephone circuits, in use; Fig.6 is a plan view of the same switch; F ig'. 7 is a central, vertical,longitudinal, cross section through the buoy well iind cooperatingparts; Fig. 8 is a plan view of one of the sliding doors 2! Fig. 9 is across'sec-= tion on line 9 9 of Fig. 7 Fig. 10 is a cross sectionsimilar to Fig. 7, but at right angles thereto; Fig. 11 is a crosssection on" line 1i-11-of Fig. 9; Fig. 12 isaplan view of i the handwheel of the drum for the electric wires; Fig. 13 is a central,longitudinal, cross section through a supply buoy, en-

larged; Fig. 14 is a fragmentary cross section showing the guides forthe cable clamps; Fig. 15 1s an'enlarged cross section 'on line 1515 ofFig. 14'; Fig. 16 is a diagrammatic view of the electric circuits; Fig.17 is a centrahvertical, cross sectionihrough an escape chamber and itsrelated parts; Fig. 18 is a horizontal cross section on line 18-48 ofFig 17; Fig. 19 is a plan view of the door. fastening device, applied;Fig. 20 is an enlarged plan view of-the same device, separate; Fig. 21is an end view of the same; and Fig- ZZis an enlarged cross In ordertomore clearly disclose the con- StIHCtIOII, operat on, and use of theinvensection through the shaft end protector, or cap. i

The main object of. the invention to provide a simple, eflicient,economical, durable, and compact apparatus by which signals maybe;transmi-tted from the interior of a submerged submarine to search orrescueparties, supplies sentto them, and holst- .ing' tackle quickly andreliably connected for raising; together with apparatus for theindividual escape of "the crew and passengers independently of rescuingparties.

Referring to the drawings .in detail, 1- indicates the hull of asubmarine. lie tween the top and bottom walls and at a suitable point inits length, is constructed a well extending completely through the hull,ver tically, from top to bottom. The upper part .of this Well isconsiderably enlarged to fo'rm a back or receiving chamber 3 the lowerwall of which acts as a shoulder or rest to reeive the underfface orwall of the head t of. a'signa-l buoy 5 which is thus suspended withintl'i'ewell,asclearly shown in lug. 7.- ljlxtending through the top'ofthe head is a small casing (3 with a transparent top or globe 7. The"base of this casing carries four metal plates; 8, 9, 10, and 11 to'which wires 8., 5). 10, and 11 are connected. The'wiresll and10,.respecti'vely, lead to and from a light bulb .12 mounted .within thecasing or globe 7. ,The wires .87 and 9 lead to and from a telephonebell 13. A switch 14, in theform of a small plate pivoted on the bindingpost of wire D and' provided with a. hook end to engage the binding postof wire 8' or 10, selectively, is,

used to divert the current or circuit-from the lightthrough the bell, sothat rescuers may;

notify those in the submarine, as soon as the buoy has been found, asindicated by dotted lines in Fig. 16. .Thus, the single battery 15'serves for both circuits.

through thecenter of the buoy-and out through a suitable plug orcoupling in. its base. They are then wound upon a drum 1117, passedthrough an axial bore of an ex tended end of thedrum and connected. tospring sockets 18, 19, and 21, respectively, carried by plates securedto adiand wheel,

20, by which the drum is operated to wind' in or pay out the w re asrequired. ()n the same plate as that carrying spring socket 21 is asecond spring socket 22. Now, after the buoy has been floated outand'tlie-wires been paid out, the hand WhQEl QO'WIll reman sta 'lhethree 'wires 3', .Qpand 11" are led down I I the lamp. When the tionary,or nearly so. Then the plug terminals from the battery will be insertedin sockets 19 and 21 and the plug terminals from the bell will beinserted in the sockets 18 and 22. With the switch plate 14 in the fullline position of Fig. 16 the current will pass through wires 11', lamp12, wire switch 14, wire 9", and the battery, lighting I rescuing partyarrives, the hand hole cover 23 will be taken oil and the plate 14 swungto "the dotted line position of Fig. 16, thereby shifting the circuitthrough the battery, sockets 21 and 22, bell 13, wires, switch 14, andback through wire 9 to the battery, sounding the bell.

Instead of the plate 14, a spring plate 14:

I 'with'fpush button contact may be used to give an intermittent ring.lVhen the people in )the submarine have thus been notified of thearrival of rescuers, a telephone receiver may be substituted for thehell by simply 'pulling'out the bell terminals and replacing them withthe receiver terminals. The rescuers, of course, .cancouple a receiverto the bindlng postsof the wires 8 and 9. and,

I in this Way, keep infull touch with the people in thesubrnarine. Thisis of great import'ance, since it enables the rescuers todetermineexactly the conditionpf the people in the; submarine and whataid they most urgently need Byliaving spring contacts on the wheel 20.toreceive the plug terminals,

of the bell, battery, and telephone receiver, all-twisting or winding ofthe wires of these parts is completely avoided, because the plugs willnot be inserted until the unwinding action of the drum has beencompleted and the wheel 20 has become stationary.

The hull of the ship is cut out directly above the upper end of the wellto form an opening 24 through which the buoy may escape. This isnormally closed .by gate 25 mounted to slide horizontally in suitablewater tight guides 26 made fast to the hull of the submarine. The gateis provided with two parallel longitudinal rack sections 27 adapted tobe engaged by pinions 28 and 29, the pinion 29 being fixed to the shaft30 of a hand wheel 31 and the pinion 28 being driven frompinion 29, inwell known inanner.v When the gate 25 isclosed, as in Fig.

7, the buoy, of course, can not escape; but as soon'as the gate isopened, the buoy is free to rise. At any considerable depth, how ever,the water pressure is so great as to the head 4 tightly to its seat onthe shoulder of 'well 2, thus preventing the buoy from rising. To avoidthis, a pipe or tube 32, provided with suitable turn cock, is connectedto the well at a short distance above the lower end of the buoy. Priorto opening the gate 4, the well 2 will be filled with water through thispipe. As the water rises above thevlower end of the buoy it will tend"to force it up. Thus, the instant that the in en) gate is opened, thebuoy will rise a little so that there will be a space between the underother, the buoy might bind against the walls of the well and not floatout, as intended. To avoid this a lifting device is provided. Thiscomprises a rope or cable 33 secured at one end to an eye bolt or thelikethreaded into the upper part of one wall of the well, and having itsopposite end made to a winding spool or the like 34 fixed on the end ofa short shaft 35 journaled in the opposite wall of the well and providedwith apsuitable hand wheel, crank handle, or the like 36. This rope,cable, or the like, is

passed down from the eye bolt previously mentioned to the lower end ofthe buoy, beneath shock or the like 37, thereon, up over a pulley 38opposite the eye bolt and down to the spool 3- win-ding in the cable 33,the loop beneath the hook 37 will be shortened, thus forcing the buoyout of the well and through opening Else that it will be free to rise.

The drum for the signal wires should be mounted close to the well, ofcourse, so that the wires may be paid out from it directly into theinterior of, the well through a suitable openingi} To this end, asuitable box 39 is made last to the upper part of the well and around anopening in the upper wall. One end or wall or" this box is formed of atransparent plate 40 held in place between a rectangular clamping framell and the edges of the *f'ennrining walls of the box. This permitseadyinspection of the inside of the box and the drum, in case ofnecessity, without opening up the box. The same is true of thereceii'ing chamber 3, the transparent panel l2 lieing similarly securedn place by a clamping frame 43 to permit inspection with or withoutaccess, as may be desired.

To the lower end of the buoy is secured a cable-4i of: considerablelength, which is wound upon and carried by a drum l5 journaled in anenlargement 46 inthe lower part of the well. The axis oi. this drum isextended through the wall oi the well and provided witha hand wheehcrankhandle, or the-like 47. .This acts asan anchor rope and also as a meansof returning the buoy to its well, if desired. It may also be used as aguide line for swinging a'lifting cable orthe like into the well from arescue party, as will be readily understood. "For attachin such acablesecurely to the hull of the submarine, a stout rod 4-9 is provided.This rod is seated in brass thimbles or sockets 5O screw threaded orotherwise removably mounted inthe walls of the well to act as 111*bearings for the rod. -This rod is passed throu'rh links 48 and 53: thelink connectingtwo short chains 51, solidly bolted or votherwise securedto the bottom of the hull,

To determine as clearly shown in Fig. 7. when the ht'tmg cable hasreached the desired pointl'or connection to link 48,11 window 52 isprovided in the lower part of the well,-just above the thilnbles 50.This window, being removable, also provides means for examination,removal. repairing. &e., of the drum lei, cable H, connection ot'cable-14 to the buoy, and readier insertion of the rod -10 through the linksHand 53.

, theycable willbe temporarily embedded in When the lifting cahlehasbeen passed into the well 2 far enough to be' connected to link 48, itshould be securely held there until the conuectioil is made. pose, twoheavyclamping jaws 51 are pro vided. slidably mounted in guides in theinside walls of the well andbetween parallel flanges 50 ot' the outerwalls of the well,

The operative facesunxedgesof these jaws are made of rubber so that,when forced to clamping posltioinabout the llttlng cable,

them and their contacting edges will form a water tight oint. The watermay then be drawn out of the lower part of th'e well below ,these closedjaws by means of pipe 57 provided with valve For this purpose, thepipe'57 may'be Connected to any suitable pumping -apparatus,- if.desired.

i The jawso'are operated screw threaded chamber 1.00 is provided. 4'lhi'sjchamber is rods 59 provided with hand wheels 00 These rods are'threaded through blocks (31 securely held between the outer edges ofthe flanges 5(3 and have free turning connection with the jaws, all-asclearlyshown vin Fig, 7. Air eocks 02 are provided at several points inthe well 2 to permit escape of air during filling ot' the same or toadmit anin reversing operation.

'For sending oxygen tubes, or other sup plies to the. imprisoned peoplein. the sub marine, a cylindrical shell 63 with removable screw threadedclosure 01 is provided. This is adapted to be drawn into the well 2 bymeans of a cable attached to it and wound in on the drum' 4:). For theindividual escape of tllClfliPl'iSOIlfll people, an escape suspendedfrom the top of the hull and has its openupper sidetor top alined with acor responding opening 101 made in thehulL of the submarine, a slidinggate 102 snnilanv to and operated n the same way as gate 25, I

being provided, The shaft 103 for open; tr ing it, however, isextended'both inwardly v passed through a collar 104 carriedbyan andoutwardly. Its inward extension arm T105 of a bracket 106 mounted on.the adjacent wall oi theJescape-chamber 100. Secured to the inner end ofthe shaft 103 is a beveled pinion 107 which meshes with and For thispnrdrives'a corresponding pinion- 108 fixed to a shaft 109 journaled inand extendingthrough the wall oftheescape chamber. This shaft onewithin-the chamber 100. and one within the hull, outside of theichamberwThat part i of the rod 103 extended outwardly beyond-e the hull issecured, as at 112, to receive the socket of a crank handle, wren'clnorthe like for turning it. It maybe protected by a cap or nut 113 seatedover and inclosing'it,. the nut or cap being securedin any [usual andwell, known manner. By this arrange ment, the gate 102 may be operatedfrom within the chamber 100, from within the known manner and is adaptedto be forced it has fixedto it two hand Wheels 110 and. 111,- i

- hi ngedl v mounted in any usual and well into water tight closingposition by means of-a screw cam118 formed ona rod' 119.

seated in the wallof the chamber near the edge of the door opening. Thescrew cam is adapted to overlap and engage the door edgeas it reachesclosing position and torcesdtto a water tight closure. Both ends of rod11!) are provided with crank handles 121 by which it may. be operatedeither from within the chamber, or't'rom within the hull,

outside of the chan'1ber: The usual ladder which is journaled in-asuitable bushing 120 122 isprovided for reaching the chamber from theinterior of the hull. A pipe 123 is, provided for, emptying the, chamberfrom within, the controlling'valve,124 being placed inside of thechamber. Or, the chamber may be emptied from the interior-of the hull,buttoutsideof the chamber; by a pipe 125 havixfi'g avalve 120 inside thehullbut outside .OIt'the chamber.

In use, for individual escape (if-those im prisoncd,3 the rod will berotated to release the door 114, the; person will then open the doorand-enter chamber100, close and fasten the door, open g'ate 102by handwheel' 111, and escape. The next person will first close gate 102 byhand wheel 110, drain the chamber by pipe 12-5. and valve-126, andthenI1- repeat what the first has done. In use'by rescuers,'the cap113,will'be removed, the gate 102 opened by a crank or the like fitted Ion. to the squared end 112, the rescuer will" then enter the'cliambenlOO, close the'gate by. hand wheel 111, drain the chamber bypipe 123 and val Vol24, andthen open the (100F114;-

It obvious thatthe same'apparatus and ideas may-be applied to one ormore of the x' ssel', or boat.-

t compartments of the ordinary ship; 3

It is thought that the construction, operation, and use of the inventionwill be clear from the preceding-detailed description.

Changes may be made .in the construction, arrangement, and dispositionof the several parts of. the invention without in any way departing fromthe fieldand scope of the same, and it is meant to include all suchwithin this application, whereinonly a prenected to said hull, clamping'jaws slidably mounted within said well and adapted to simultaneouslygrip a lifting cable and close ofi the lower part of said well, andmeans for connecting said short chains to a lifting cable.

2. An apparatus. of the character described comprising, a submarine hullprovided with an opening, a Well erected within the same and inclosingsaid opening, short chains within said well and solidly connected tosaid hull, clamping jaws slidably mounted within said well and adaptedto simultaneously grip a li ing cable and close off the lower part ofsaiid well, means for removing the water from Ithe lower part of thewell when the said blamping jaws have been closed, and meansforpermitting entrance to the lower part (if the said well.

3. An apparatus of the character described comprising a submarine hullprovided with an opening, a Well erected within the-same and inclosingsaid opening and adapted to receive a signaling buoy, means for normallyclosing the said opening, operating means therefor, means Within thewell for expelling the buoy therefrom and operable from w thin the saidhull, short chains located within the lower part of the said well andsecurely fastened,to the said hull, clamping jaws slidably mountedWithin the well and adapted to be forced together upon a lifting cablelowered into the 'well so. as to simultaneously'grip' the same and forma water tight closure above the said chains, operating means therefor,means for removmg 'the water from the lower part of the well when thesaid clamping jaws have thus been closed, and means for permittingentrance to the lower; portion ofthe said well.

4. In combination, a hull, a rescue chamber suspended therein'andprovided at its top with an opening through the said hull,

' means for normally-closing the said opening, operating means therefor,means for permitting entrance to the said chamber, a

'well extending to the top and bottom of the saidhull and communicatingwith an opening through the hull at its upper end, means for normallyclosing the said opening, operating means therefor, short chains in thelower part of the said well secured to the said hull, means for grippinga cable lowered into the said well and for forming a water tight closureacross the well above the said chains, operating means therefor, meansfor removing water from the lower part of the well when the grippingmeans are closed, and means for permitting entrance into the lowerpartof the said well.

5. In combination; a submarine hull; a rescue chamber suspended thereinand provided, at its top, with an opening extending through the saidhull; aslidably mounted gate adapted to. normally close the said.opening; operating means therefor, such meansbeing. adapted to beoperated from within the said chamber, from within the said hull, orfrom Without the hull; a water tight door adapted to permit entrance tothe said chamber; means for securing the said door closed and' operableeither from within the chamber or from within the hull; means for'emptying the said chamber of W ter controlled from within the said'chamber; "means foremptying the chamber of water controlled from withinthe said hull; a Well extending from top to bottom of the said hull andprovided in its upper end with an annular shoulder adapted to form aseat for the head of a headedtsignaling buoy and to hold the samesuspended within the said well, the said Wellcommunicating at its upper:end with, an opening through the said hull; means located withinthe saidwell for lifting a buoyseated therein; operating means therefor operablefrom within. the said hull; a sliding gate adapted to nor mally closethe said opening at the npper end of the well; means for operating thesaid gate from within the said hull; short chains located in the lowerpart ofthe said well and securely fastened to the hull; clamping jawsslidably mounted at each side of the well, above the said chains, andadapted to simultaneously grip a cable low ered into the said well.andvto' form a water tight closure=across the well; meanafor op eratingthe said jaws from within f e hull; means for removing ater from thelower part of the well when the saidi-jaws are in operativepositiori'y'and means for permitting access to the lower part-of thesaid well.

I MARCEL JOSEPH LEON PAUL BONARD. Witnesses: v

, AQBAsTmN, A. "PIzzoooLo.

